Glucophage XR (extended-release) is a medication primarily used to treat type 2 diabetes. It contains metformin as its active ingredient and helps control blood sugar levels by improving the body's sensitivity to insulin and reducing the amount of glucose produced by the liver. The 1000mg dose typically refers to the amount of metformin in each tablet. This extended-release formulation allows for a slower absorption, which can help reduce some common side effects of metformin, such as stomach upset.